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Graduation theses

My gradation theses is to reserch about English used in Japan. Through reserch of Japanese business which uses English for travelers, knowing how the English influences people from other countries is the aim of this paper. I need to get many information and questionares, so I will go to some of sightseeing information places in Kumamoto to get imformation about English needed there. For example, the imformation is concerned about how English is used for guiding in Kumamoto. Also, my reserch includes how often the English is used there.

How Japanese thinking influences Japanese English: differences with American English

BY Kyoko Kai

I want to reserch about English used in Japan. Through reserch of Japanese business which uses English for travelers, I want to know how the English influences people from other countries. I need to get many information and questionares, so I will go to some of sightseeing information places in Kumamoto to get imformation about English needed there.

A SHORT PAPER

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE COURSE OF SEMINAR 1 (World Englishes) Kumamoto Gakuen University Foreign Language Department English Course

SUPERVISOR: Judy Yoneoka Kumamoto Gakuen University Oe 2-5-1 Kumamoto Japan Today's date This paper consists of approximately words

Working Abstract

 When Japanese speak English, they often invite misunderstanding.

There are some reasons for it, but it is a natural thing. Japanese have their way of thinking and so do Americans. The original Japanese way of thinking influences English spoken by Japanese. This paper will how Japanese thinking influences Japanese English and comparing the differences between Japanese ways of thinking and American ways of thinking.

Outline

 1. Introduction
 English is the language spoken over the world and known well as the common language. 

In Japan, English is regarded as one of important foreign languages, so they can begin learning English in elementary school or junior high school. However, English spoken by Japanese has something wrong and sometimes bring misunderstanding. This problem is natural thing and happens in other countries, not only Japan.

  There are some differences between Japanese English and American English. 

As a reason, Japanese have their way of thinking. When Japanese speak and write in English, the features of Japanese influence Japanese English. They have own structure and grammar, so the effects appear in Japanese English. Thus, there should be some expressions that they frequently use when they speak English. On the contrary, there are some expressions that they don?ft use so much.

  This paper discusses how Japanese structure and 

grammar influences Japanese English with various examples. Also, it explains the feature of American way of thinking. Finally, it compares the differences between Japanese ways of thinking and Americans ways of thinking.

 2. Feature of Japanese way of thinking 
    2-1. Effects of Japanese structure
        First, one of big features of Japanese structures is that Japanese often put emphasis on the latter half of talks more than in the first half of the one. 

We unconsciously speak to people on such way of talking. On the contrary, English is the language that put emphasis on the first half of talks. This difference influences English spoken by Japanese. For example, Japanese say "I think he is not Mr. White." This is something wrong. We usually say "I think", not "I don't think" in Japanese. In case of speaking English on the same thinking as Japanese, we make such a mistake. Actually, native speaker usually say "I don't think he is Mr. White." Because English have the feature of saying important points on the first, they usually make whether affirmation or negation clear earlier. If we make out this difference of each structure, we could make our English understand smoothly. Also, on listening English, we could reduce fail of miss important words.

    2-2. Effects of Japanese grammar
 3. Feature of American way of thinking
    3-1. Effects of American English structure
         Ex. There is (are) /...have __
         When Japanese say "...ga arimasu."in English, we often say "There is..." or "There are..." 

Japanese can easily accept this construction of a sentence and use it on speaking and writing in English. Native speakers use this construction, but they also use the word "have". If anything, they may often use the construction of "have". For example, when we want to say, "sono heya niha isu ga 6ko arimasu.", we usually say "There are 6 chairs in the room." in English. On the other hand, native people say the same sentence or "The room has 6 chairs." These two sentences have the same meaning. In the case of translating literally in Japanese, they just have different translation. Japanese learn that the meaning of "have" is "...wo motteiru" in school, so they tend to use the construction of a sentence "there is" better than "have".

	Also, the construction of sentence "there is" includes a nuance. When they have something new subject in conversation, they use it. 

    3-2. Effects of American English grammar
 4. Influences Japanese thinking brings Japanese English
    4-1. Japanese English
    4-2. Differences with American English 
 5. Conclusion

Bibliography

Saisyo, Fumi. (1976) Eigo to Nihongo ~hassou to hyougen no hikaku~ (English and Japanese ~the comparison between an idea and expression, in Japanese) Tokyo: Kenkyusya.

Suzuki, Toshio. (1997) Nihonjin no Matigaeyasui Eigo (English that Japanese are easy to miss, in Japanese) Tokyo: Maruzen library.

Tanabe, Yoji. (1981) Eigorashisa to Nihongorashisa (Like English and Like Japanese, in Japanese) Tokyo: Gurobyusya.

Tayama, Shigehiko. (1992) Eigo no Hassou, Nihongo no Hassou (English idea and Japanese idea, in Japanese) Tokyo: Nihon housou syuppan kyoukai.

Yamada, Masashige. (1997) Nihongo no hassou Eigo no hassou (Japanese idea and English idea, in Japanese) Tokyo: Maruzen library.

Watanabe, Takesato. (1983) Jyapalisshu no Susume (an encouragement of Japalish, in Japanese) Tokyo: Asahi sinbunsya.

Graduation thesus

I need to get many information and questionares, so I will go to some of sightseeing places in Kumamoto to get imformation about English needed there.

In Japan, English is regarded as one of important foreign languages, so they can begin learning English in elementary school or junior high school. However, English spoken by Japanese has something wrong and sometimes bring misunderstanding. This problem is natural thing and happens in other countries, not only Japan.

  There are some differences between Japanese English and American English. As a reason, Japanese have their way of thinking. 

When Japanese speak and write in English, the features of Japanese influence Japanese English. They have own structure and grammar, so the effects appear in Japanese English.

  This paper discusses how Japanese structure and grammar influences Japanese English with various examples. Also, it explains the feature of American way of thinking. 

Finally, it compares the differences between Japanese ways of thinking and Americans ways of thinking.

 2. Feature of Japanese
    2-1. Structure of Japanese
    2-2. Grammar of Japanese
    2-3. Japanese way of thinking
 3. Feature of American English
    3-1. Structure of American English
    3-2. Grammar of American English
    3-3. American way of thinking 

 When Japanese speak English, we often invite misunderstanding.

There are some reasons about it, but it is a natural thing. Japanese have their way of thinking as Japanese and also American do. The original way of thinking of Japanese influences English spoken by Japanese. My study is how Japanese thinking influences Japanese English and comparing the differences from Japanese way of thinking and American way of thinking.

 3. Influences Japanese thinking brings Japanese English
    3-1. Japanese English
    3-2. Differences with American English 
 4. Conclusion

My study is how Japanese thinking influences Japanese English and comparing the differences from Japanese English and American English.

Suzuki, toshio. (1997) Nihonjin no Matigaeyasui Eigo (English that Japanese are easy to miss, in Japanese) Tokyo: Maruzen library.

My study is how Japanese thinking infuluences Japanese English and comparing the differences from Japanese English and American English.

My study is how Japanese thinking infuluences Japanese English and comparing the difference from Japanese English and American English.

    2-2. Grammer of Japanese

    3-1. Japanse English

1. Introduction 2. Feature of Japanese

   2-1. Structure of Japanese
   2-2. Grammer of Japanese

3. Influences Japanese thinking brings Japanese English

   3-1. Japanse English
   3-2. Differences with American English 

4. Conclusion

My study is how Japanese thinking infuluences Japanese English and comparing the difference from Japanese way of thinking and American way of thinking.

 When Japanese speak English, we often invite misunderstanding. There are some reasons about it, but it is a natural thing. Japanese have their way of thinking as Japanese and also American do. The original way of thinking of Japanese influences English spoken by Japanese. My study is how Japanese thinking infuluences Japanese English and comparing the difference from Japanese way of thinking and American way of thinking.

How Japanese thinking influences Japanese English: differences with American English

 When Japanese speak English, we often invite misunderstanding. There are some reasons about it, but it is a natural thing. Japanese have their way of thinking as Japanese and also American do. I want to research about how Japanese English cause misunderstanding. Also, I will compare the difference from Japanese way of thinking and American way of thinking.